Regulación del arresto domiciliario como medida cautelar en el Proceso Penal Ecuatoriano.
Fecha
2024-12
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Universidad de Otavalo
Resumen
En el sistema penal ecuatoriano, las medidas cautelares son esenciales para garantizar el debido proceso y evitar la impunidad, respetando la presunción de inocencia. El Código Orgánico Integral Penal, incluye varias medidas, entre ellas el arresto domiciliario, que se define como una obligación de permanecer en el propio hogar para asegurar la sujeción al proceso penal, evitando así el ingreso a un centro de privación de libertad. Aunque se considera menos gravosa que la prisión preventiva, sigue siendo una forma de privación de libertad. La legislación ecuatoriana no establece requisitos claros para su aplicación, lo que genera vacíos legales y decisiones judiciales desiguales, afectando la seguridad jurídica. Comparativamente, tanto en España como en Colombia, el arresto domiciliario es visto como una forma atenuada de privación de libertad, y las altas magistraturas de esos países han subrayado que los individuos bajo esta medida están jurídicamente privados de libertad, independientemente del lugar donde cumplan la medida. La falta de criterios definidos en el COIP para el arresto domiciliario contrasta con los requisitos claros establecidos para la prisión preventiva, lo que plantea un riesgo para el debido proceso. La investigación busca analizar estos aspectos y resaltar la necesidad de establecer parámetros claros para la aplicación del arresto domiciliario en Ecuador, garantizando así su uso adecuado y evitando arbitrariedades en su implementación.
In the Ecuadorian penal system, precautionary measures are essential to guarantee due process and avoid impunity, respecting the presumption of innocence. The Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code includes several measures, including house arrest, which is defined as an obligation to remain in one's home to ensure compliance with the criminal process, thus avoiding entry into a detention center. Although it is considered less burdensome than preventive detention, it is still a form of deprivation of liberty. Ecuadorian legislation does not establish clear requirements for its application, which generates legal loopholes and unequal judicial decisions, affecting legal security. Comparatively, both in Spain and Colombia, house arrest is seen as an attenuated form of deprivation of liberty, and the high courts of these countries have stressed that individuals this measure are legally deprived of liberty, regardless of where they serve the measure. The lack of defined criteria in the COIP for house arrest contrasts with the clear requirements established for pretrial detention, which poses a risk to due process. The research seeks to analyze these aspects and highlight the need to establish clear parameters for the application of house arrest in Ecuador, thus guaranteeing its proper use and avoiding arbitrariness in its implementation.
In the Ecuadorian penal system, precautionary measures are essential to guarantee due process and avoid impunity, respecting the presumption of innocence. The Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code includes several measures, including house arrest, which is defined as an obligation to remain in one's home to ensure compliance with the criminal process, thus avoiding entry into a detention center. Although it is considered less burdensome than preventive detention, it is still a form of deprivation of liberty. Ecuadorian legislation does not establish clear requirements for its application, which generates legal loopholes and unequal judicial decisions, affecting legal security. Comparatively, both in Spain and Colombia, house arrest is seen as an attenuated form of deprivation of liberty, and the high courts of these countries have stressed that individuals this measure are legally deprived of liberty, regardless of where they serve the measure. The lack of defined criteria in the COIP for house arrest contrasts with the clear requirements established for pretrial detention, which poses a risk to due process. The research seeks to analyze these aspects and highlight the need to establish clear parameters for the application of house arrest in Ecuador, thus guaranteeing its proper use and avoiding arbitrariness in its implementation.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Procedimiento Penal, Medida Cautelar, Arresto Domiciliario, Privación de Libertad
Citación
Toaquiza, J. M. (2024). Regulación del arresto domiciliario como medida cautelar en el Proceso Penal Ecuatoriano. Maestría en Derecho Penal mención Derecho Procesal Penal. Universidad de Otavalo.