La verdadera finalidad de la acusación particular o mera formalidad procesal en el COIP frente al derecho de la reparación integral de la víctima.
Fecha
2023-01
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Universidad de Otavalo
Resumen
Este artículo pretende determinar si la acusación particular en la normativa legal vigente es de importancia en su aplicación, dado que el propio juez en sentencia eroga reparación integral sin ser solicitada por la víctima. El problema central radica en buscar un entendimiento sobre la verdadera finalidad de la acusación particular, entendiéndose que nuestro ordenamiento jurídico reconoce una gama de derechos de la víctima, en el Art. 78 de la CRE y el Art. 11 del COIP, principalmente. Toda víctima posee el derecho de presentar dicha acusación, para ello se exigen reglas básicas de aplicación. Además, se considera que, cuando se da la situación de que no comparezca a la audiencia de juicio, abandona el proceso.
Metodológicamente, se tiene un enfoque cualitativo, cortes metodológicos basados en principios teóricos como la fenomenología, hermenéutica. Se aplicaron, además, los
métodos inductivo y deductivo. En relación con los resultados, destaca que la participación de la víctima durante un proceso penal, el Art. 432 del COIP establece la posibilidad de presentar acusación particular, o bien renunciar a la misma, según señala el Art. 438. La víctima contará con la posibilidad de revisar todo lo acumulado durante la indagación previa.
Finalmente, en las conclusiones, se destaca que la verdadera finalidad de la acusación particular en la normativa penal y la doctrina, concluyendo que la misma restringe el accionar de la víctima, cuando esta no la presenta, en especial cuando el fiscal asignado emite un dictamen abstentivo, incapacitando a la víctima para continuar el proceso judicial.
This article intends to determine if the private accusation in the current legal regulations is of importance in its application, given that the judge himself in the sentence provides full reparation without being requested by the victim. The central problem lies in seeking an understanding of the true purpose of the private accusation, understanding that our legal system recognizes a range of rights of the victim, in Article 78 of the CRE and Article 11 of the COIP, mainly. Every victim has the right to present said accusation, for which basic application rules are required. In addition, it is considered that, when the situation arises that he does not appear at the trial hearing, he abandons the process. Methodologically, there is a qualitative approach, methodological cuts based on theoretical principles such as phenomenology, hermeneutics. Inductive and deductive methods were also applied. In relation to the results, it stands out that the participation of the victim during a criminal process, Art. 432 of the COIP establishes the possibility of presenting a private accusation, or waiving it, as indicated in Art. 438. The victim will have the possibility of reviewing everything accumulated during the previous investigation. Finally, in the conclusions, it is highlighted that the true purpose of the private accusation in the criminal regulations and the doctrine, concluding that it restricts the actions of the victim, when he does not present it, especially when the assigned prosecutor issues an opinion abstentive, disabling the victim to continue the judicial process.
This article intends to determine if the private accusation in the current legal regulations is of importance in its application, given that the judge himself in the sentence provides full reparation without being requested by the victim. The central problem lies in seeking an understanding of the true purpose of the private accusation, understanding that our legal system recognizes a range of rights of the victim, in Article 78 of the CRE and Article 11 of the COIP, mainly. Every victim has the right to present said accusation, for which basic application rules are required. In addition, it is considered that, when the situation arises that he does not appear at the trial hearing, he abandons the process. Methodologically, there is a qualitative approach, methodological cuts based on theoretical principles such as phenomenology, hermeneutics. Inductive and deductive methods were also applied. In relation to the results, it stands out that the participation of the victim during a criminal process, Art. 432 of the COIP establishes the possibility of presenting a private accusation, or waiving it, as indicated in Art. 438. The victim will have the possibility of reviewing everything accumulated during the previous investigation. Finally, in the conclusions, it is highlighted that the true purpose of the private accusation in the criminal regulations and the doctrine, concluding that it restricts the actions of the victim, when he does not present it, especially when the assigned prosecutor issues an opinion abstentive, disabling the victim to continue the judicial process.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Víctima, Procedimiento, Derechos, Aplicación
Citación
Caiza, R. P. (2023). La verdadera finalidad de la acusación particular o mera formalidad procesal en el COIP frente al derecho de la reparación integral de la víctima. Maestría en Derecho Penal mención Derecho Procesal Penal. Universidad de Otavalo.