Por una frontera con seguridad humana: explorando formas de integración binacional entre Venezuela y Colombia desde la seguridad ambiental
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2024-10
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El cambio climático y la degradación del medioambiente conforman la mayor amenaza a la que se enfrenta la humanidad en la actualidad. Por lo que gestionar de manera adecuada los riesgos y daños que emergen del insostenible modelo energético termo-industrial es un imperativo de impostergable ejecución. Para ello es fundamental el rol desempeñado por los pueblos y comunidades quienes, en virtud de su dinámica cultural, tienen una relación de respeto y pertenencia con la naturaleza. Así, la defensa del territorio de los pueblos indígenas se ha convertido en un mecanismo de protección de las fuentes de vida que coadyuvan a la regulación del cambio climático, pero actualmente dicho territorio se encuentra amenazado por la creciente acción de diversos actores e intereses. En este sentido, la gobernanza ecológica global requiere un consenso para, sin violentar sus derechos históricos y territoriales, acceder a las tierras que se ubican en espacios que, de manera reiterada, han venido ocupando comunidades locales campesinas o indígenas (territorios ancestrales). Tres nociones deberán ir de la mano al momento de dar cuenta de la relación de los derechos emergentes y la gobernanza ecológica global: una, la de entender el derecho como una construcción social y no como un fin en sí mismo; dos, la gobernanza como intermediación de mecanismos y acciones para la búsqueda de consensos; y tres, la posibilidad de que la definición, ejecución e implementación de políticas públicas “desde lo local” puedan convertirse en un mecanismo de y para el ejercicio de derechos reconocidos. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo entrelazar las líneas de transdisciplinariedad existentes entre el derecho, la política y la ecología en el contexto de la integración binacional colombo-venezolana a partir de su especial dinámica geopolítica y humana. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, se aplicaron los métodos analítico sintético, normativista y antropojurídico para obtener los resultados y conclusiones que se presentan
Climate change and environmental degradation are the greatest threat facing humanity today. Adequately managing the risks and damages that emerge from the unsustainable thermo-industrial energy model is an imperative that cannot be postponed. For this, the role played by the peoples and communities is fundamental, who by virtue of their cultural dynamics, have a relationship of respect and belonging with nature. The defense of the territory of indigenous peoples has become a mechanism to protect the sources of life that contribute to the regulation of climate change, but it is threatened by the increasing action of various actors and interests. In this sense, global ecological governance requires a consensus to access those located in spaces that have repeatedly been occupied by local peasant or indigenous communities (ancestral territories) without violating their historical and territorial rights. Three notions should go hand in hand when accounting for the relationship between emerging rights and global ecological governance: one, that of understanding law as a social construction and not as an end in itself; two, governance as an intermediation of mechanisms and actions for the search for consensus; and three, the possibility that the definition, execution and implementation of public policies “from the local” can become a mechanism for and for the exercise of recognized rights. The objective of the research was to intertwine the existing lines of transdisciplinarity between law, politics, and ecology in the context of Colombian-Venezuelan binational integration, based on its special geopolitical and human dynamics. From a qualitative approach, synthetic analytical and anthropojuridical methods were applied to obtain the results and conclusions that are presented.
Climate change and environmental degradation are the greatest threat facing humanity today. Adequately managing the risks and damages that emerge from the unsustainable thermo-industrial energy model is an imperative that cannot be postponed. For this, the role played by the peoples and communities is fundamental, who by virtue of their cultural dynamics, have a relationship of respect and belonging with nature. The defense of the territory of indigenous peoples has become a mechanism to protect the sources of life that contribute to the regulation of climate change, but it is threatened by the increasing action of various actors and interests. In this sense, global ecological governance requires a consensus to access those located in spaces that have repeatedly been occupied by local peasant or indigenous communities (ancestral territories) without violating their historical and territorial rights. Three notions should go hand in hand when accounting for the relationship between emerging rights and global ecological governance: one, that of understanding law as a social construction and not as an end in itself; two, governance as an intermediation of mechanisms and actions for the search for consensus; and three, the possibility that the definition, execution and implementation of public policies “from the local” can become a mechanism for and for the exercise of recognized rights. The objective of the research was to intertwine the existing lines of transdisciplinarity between law, politics, and ecology in the context of Colombian-Venezuelan binational integration, based on its special geopolitical and human dynamics. From a qualitative approach, synthetic analytical and anthropojuridical methods were applied to obtain the results and conclusions that are presented.
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Palabras clave
Seguridad humana, seguridad ambiental, integración binacional
Citación
Aguilar, V., Asprino, M. y Gil Ozuna, B. (2024). Por una frontera con seguridad humana: explorando formas de integración binacional entre Venezuela y Colombia desde la seguridad ambiental. En K. Yánez y X. Maldonado (Eds.), Nuevas perspectivas de los derechos humanos: hacia el desarrollo sostenible. Universidad de Otavalo.