Clima familiar y desarrollo cognitivo en los primeros años de vida
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Otavalo
Resumen
El rol que ejerce el entorno social en los procesos cognitivos de los niños es un tema de creciente interés en la actualidad. El desarrollo integral de los individuos es una suma de factores que no solo dependen de los genéticos, sino también de la interacción con el ambiente familiar inmediato. La diversidad de estudios realizados ha puesto fin al conflicto de enfoques ambientales contra hereditarios y han determinado que el ser humano nace con habilidades de aprendizaje que son potenciadas u obstaculizadas por variables del ambiente circundante. En este sentido, adquiere mayor importancia el papel que ejercen los primeros cuidadores durante las primeras etapas del ciclo de vida. Revisar el efecto que el clima familiar ejerce en la primera infancia implica adentrarse en contextos sociales, culturales, económicos, políticos, educativos y psicopedagógicos. No obstante, de todos estos contextos los dos últimos han merecido especial atención, hay estudios que reflejan el impacto de la familia en el desarrollo de capacidades cognitivas, necesarias para que los niños se desenvuelvan adecuadamente en la etapa escolar. El efecto de una estimulación apropiada durante la etapa infantil, refuerza las habilidades innatas y promueve el desarrollo de nuevas competencias que marcarán la diferencia con sus pares dentro del ambiente educativo.
The role that the social environment plays in children's cognitive processes is a topic of growing interest today. The comprehensive development of individuals is a sum of factors that not only depend on genetics, but also on the interaction with the immediate family environment. The diversity of studies carried out has put an end to the conflict of environmental versus hereditary approaches and has determined that human beings are born with learning abilities that are enhanced or hindered by variables in the surrounding environment. In this sense, the role played by the first caregivers during the first stages of the life cycle becomes more important. Reviewing the effect that the family climate has on early childhood involves delving into social, cultural, economic, political, educational and psycho-pedagogical contexts. However, of all these contexts, the last two have deserved special attention; there are studies that reflect the impact of the family on the development of cognitive abilities, necessary for children to function adequately in school. The effect of appropriate stimulation during the childhood stage reinforces innate abilities and promotes the development of new skills that will make a difference with their peers within the educational environment.
The role that the social environment plays in children's cognitive processes is a topic of growing interest today. The comprehensive development of individuals is a sum of factors that not only depend on genetics, but also on the interaction with the immediate family environment. The diversity of studies carried out has put an end to the conflict of environmental versus hereditary approaches and has determined that human beings are born with learning abilities that are enhanced or hindered by variables in the surrounding environment. In this sense, the role played by the first caregivers during the first stages of the life cycle becomes more important. Reviewing the effect that the family climate has on early childhood involves delving into social, cultural, economic, political, educational and psycho-pedagogical contexts. However, of all these contexts, the last two have deserved special attention; there are studies that reflect the impact of the family on the development of cognitive abilities, necessary for children to function adequately in school. The effect of appropriate stimulation during the childhood stage reinforces innate abilities and promotes the development of new skills that will make a difference with their peers within the educational environment.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Clima, Desarrollo, Vida, Familia
Citación
Borja, C. H. y Punina, J. F. (2022). Clima familiar y desarrollo cognitivo en los primeros años de vida. Maestría en Psicopedagogía mención en Neurodesarrollo. Universidad de Otavalo.