Estrategias Metodológicas Inclusivas para la atención a la diversidad de los estudiantes de Bachillerato General Unificado.
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2023-09
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Universidad de Otavalo
Resumen
La inclusión educativa fue la meta principal de la investigación; esto, debido a las diferencias presentes en el aula por factores sociales, culturales, físicas, de pensamiento, entre otras. Para atender esta diversidad los profesores han debido planificar, ejecutar y evaluar el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje con el propósito de no excluir al alumnado en sus actividades pedagógicas; para lo que se precisó el uso de estrategias metodológicas inclusivas pertinentes. Para estudiar esta problemática, se planteó como objetivo, determinar las Estrategias Metodológicas Inclusivas que utilizan los docentes para la atención a la diversidad de los estudiantes del Bachillerato General Unificado de la Unidad Educativa “El Ángel” en el periodo académico 2022-2023. El procedimiento metodológico se realizó con un enfoque mixto, y la tipología fue descriptiva y de campo. Para la obtención de datos cuantitativos se aplicó un cuestionario a 55 docentes y 99 estudiantes; instrumento que fue validado por expertos y comprobada su confiabilidad con el alfa de Cronbach. Los datos cualitativos se recopilaron a través de un grupo focal, participaron 10 docentes del centro educativo. Los resultados del procesamiento de datos determinaron la presencia de exclusión estudiantil, y la falta de atención global a la diversidad por los docentes. En conclusión, existe un gran porcentaje de profesores que utilizan las estrategias metodológicas inclusivas; pero requieren de lineamientos para que las utilicen de una manera eficaz; es por esto, que se presentó una propuesta en la cual se dan algunas directrices para que los educadores apliquen con éxito estas metodologías inclusivas.
Educational inclusion was the main goal of the research; this, due to the differences present in the classroom due to social, cultural, physical, thinking factors, among others. To address this diversity, teachers have had to plan, execute and evaluate the teaching-learning process with the purpose of not excluding students in their pedagogical activities; for which the use of relevant inclusive methodological strategies was required. To study this problem, the objective was to determine the Inclusive Methodological Strategies used by teachers to address the diversity of the students of the Unified General Baccalaureate of the “El Ángel” Educational Unit in the 2022-2023 academic period. The methodological procedure was carried out with a mixed approach, and the typology was descriptive and field. To obtain quantitative data, a questionnaire was applied to 55 teachers and 99 students; instrument that was validated by experts and its reliability verified with Cronbach's alpha. The qualitative data was collected through a focus group, 10 teachers from the educational center participated. The results of data processing determined the presence of student exclusion, and the lack of overall attention to diversity by teachers. In conclusion, there is a large percentage of teachers who use inclusive methodological strategies; but they require guidelines to use them effectively; This is why a proposal was presented in which some guidelines are given for educators to successfully apply these inclusive methodologies.
Educational inclusion was the main goal of the research; this, due to the differences present in the classroom due to social, cultural, physical, thinking factors, among others. To address this diversity, teachers have had to plan, execute and evaluate the teaching-learning process with the purpose of not excluding students in their pedagogical activities; for which the use of relevant inclusive methodological strategies was required. To study this problem, the objective was to determine the Inclusive Methodological Strategies used by teachers to address the diversity of the students of the Unified General Baccalaureate of the “El Ángel” Educational Unit in the 2022-2023 academic period. The methodological procedure was carried out with a mixed approach, and the typology was descriptive and field. To obtain quantitative data, a questionnaire was applied to 55 teachers and 99 students; instrument that was validated by experts and its reliability verified with Cronbach's alpha. The qualitative data was collected through a focus group, 10 teachers from the educational center participated. The results of data processing determined the presence of student exclusion, and the lack of overall attention to diversity by teachers. In conclusion, there is a large percentage of teachers who use inclusive methodological strategies; but they require guidelines to use them effectively; This is why a proposal was presented in which some guidelines are given for educators to successfully apply these inclusive methodologies.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Educación, Estrategias, Diversidad, Bachillerato
Citación
España, S. G. y Lobato, A. V. (2023). Estrategias Metodológicas Inclusivas para la atención a la diversidad de los estudiantes de Bachillerato General Unificado. Maestría en Educación Intercultural e Inclusiva. Universidad de Otavalo.