Contabilidad Y Tributación De Criptomonedas En Ecuador
Fecha
2023-09
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Universidad de Otavalo
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación “Contabilidad y Tributación de Criptomonedas en Ecuador”, nace de la necesidad de conocer sobre esta nueva forma de pago que está avanzando a nivel mundial, más aún para profesionales contables y carreras afines dentro del Ecuador. Los países analizados de Latinoamérica y la Unión Europea, en todos ellos ya conocen sobre las Criptomonedas, y solo en El Salvador, en junio 2021, emitieron la Ley Bitcoin donde reconocen a esta criptomoneda como medio de pago. En los otros países analizados no la reconocen, ni la prohíben, sin embargo, por el incremento especulativo ha sido necesario suplanteamiento contable y su reconocimiento tributario. El reconocimiento contable está basado en los principios de contabilidad generalmente aceptados y las NIIF. En atención al reconocimiento tributario, en los países analizados las actividades con criptomonedas tributan Impuesto a la Renta (IR) e Impuesto al Valor Agregado (IVA). Como cualquier moneda de curso legal, si se adquiere Criptomonedas parala compra y venta, la diferencia entre la compra y la venta se reconocerá como ingreso tributable para el pago de Impuesto a la Renta. La comisión que genera la actividad de intermediación está gravada con IVA. Como conclusión podemos indicar que el mundo cripto está en un proceso de cambio a nivel mundial, y que es la puerta para que países o grupo de países se organicen para crear Criptomonedas con respaldos económicos y legales, que permitan ser utilizadas como medio de pago virtual, y que hasta que esto ocurra, su utilización será en un mercado especulativo Para el Ecuador se recomienda que el Servicio de Rentas Internas se pronuncie sobre el tratamiento tributario sobre la ganancia que genera el mercado de las Criptomonedas, su falta de regulación fomenta la evasión y sin mayores recaudaciones por este concepto.
The present research work called "Accounting and taxation of Cryptocurrencies in Ecuador",arises from the need to know about this new form of payment that is advancing worldwide,even more so for accounting professionals and related careers within Ecuador. The countries analyzed in Latin America and the European Union, all of them already know about Cryptocurrencies, and only in El Salvador, in June 2021, they issued the Bitcoin Lawwhere they recognize this Cryptocurrency as a means of payment. In the other countries analyzed they do not recognize it, nor do they prohibit it, however, due to the speculative increase, its accounting approach and its tax recognition have been necessary. Accounting recognition is based on generally accepted accounting principles and IFRS. In attention to tax recognition, in the countries analyzed, activities with Cryptocurrencies are taxed on IR income tax and VAT value added tax. Like any legal tender, if Cryptocurrenciesare acquired for purchase and sale, the difference between the purchase and the sale will berecognized as taxable income for the payment of Income Tax. The commission generated bythe intermediation activity is taxed with VAT. In conclusion, we can indicate that the crypto world is in a process of change worldwide, and that it is the door for countries or groups of countries to organize themselves to create Cryptocurrencies with economic and legal backing, which allow them to be used as a virtual means of payment, and that until this happens, its use will be in a speculative market. For Ecuador, it is recommended that the Internal Revenue Service rule on the tax treatment on the profit generated by the Cryptocurrency market, its lack of regulation encourages evasion and zero collection for this concept.
The present research work called "Accounting and taxation of Cryptocurrencies in Ecuador",arises from the need to know about this new form of payment that is advancing worldwide,even more so for accounting professionals and related careers within Ecuador. The countries analyzed in Latin America and the European Union, all of them already know about Cryptocurrencies, and only in El Salvador, in June 2021, they issued the Bitcoin Lawwhere they recognize this Cryptocurrency as a means of payment. In the other countries analyzed they do not recognize it, nor do they prohibit it, however, due to the speculative increase, its accounting approach and its tax recognition have been necessary. Accounting recognition is based on generally accepted accounting principles and IFRS. In attention to tax recognition, in the countries analyzed, activities with Cryptocurrencies are taxed on IR income tax and VAT value added tax. Like any legal tender, if Cryptocurrenciesare acquired for purchase and sale, the difference between the purchase and the sale will berecognized as taxable income for the payment of Income Tax. The commission generated bythe intermediation activity is taxed with VAT. In conclusion, we can indicate that the crypto world is in a process of change worldwide, and that it is the door for countries or groups of countries to organize themselves to create Cryptocurrencies with economic and legal backing, which allow them to be used as a virtual means of payment, and that until this happens, its use will be in a speculative market. For Ecuador, it is recommended that the Internal Revenue Service rule on the tax treatment on the profit generated by the Cryptocurrency market, its lack of regulation encourages evasion and zero collection for this concept.
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Contabilidad, Tributación, Economia, Finanzas
Citación
Carreño, D. M., Bravo, K. S. (2023). Contabilidad Y Tributación De Criptomonedas En Ecuador. Maestría En Contabilidad Y Finanzas Con Mención En Gestión Fiscal, Financiera Y Tributaria. Universidad de Otavalo